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Cisco
®
AVVID and IP Telephony Design & Implementation
Copyright © 2001 by Syngress Publishing, Inc.All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America.
Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or
distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior
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Printed in the United States of America
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0
ISBN: 1-928994-83-0
Technical Editor: Martin Walshaw Freelance Editorial Manager: Maribeth Corona-Evans
Technical Reviewer: Sean Thurston Cover Designer: Michael Kavish
Co-Publisher: Richard Kristof Page Layout and Art by: Shannon Tozier
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Developmental Editor: Kate Glennon Indexer: Jennifer Coker
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109_AVVID_DI_FM 11/11/01 2:19 PM Page iv
v
Acknowledgments
v
We would like to acknowledge the following people for their kindness and support
in making this book possible.
Richard Kristof and Duncan Anderson of Global Knowledge, for their generous
access to the IT industry’s best courses, instructors, and training facilities.
Ralph Troupe, Rhonda St. John, Emlyn Rhodes, and the team at Callisma for their
invaluable insight into the challenges of designing, deploying, and supporting world-
class enterprise networks.
Karen Cross, Lance Tilford, Meaghan Cunningham, Kim Wylie, Harry Kirchner,
Kevin Votel, Kent Anderson, and Frida Yara of Publishers Group West for sharing
their incredible marketing experience and expertise.
Mary Ging, Caroline Hird, Simon Beale, Caroline Wheeler,Victoria Fuller, Jonathan
Bunkell, and Klaus Beran of Harcourt International for making certain that our
vision remains worldwide in scope.
Anneke Baeten and Annabel Dent of Harcourt Australia for all their help.
David Buckland,Wendi Wong, Daniel Loh, Marie Chieng, Lucy Chong, Leslie Lim,
Audrey Gan, and Joseph Chan of Transquest Publishers for the enthusiasm with
which they receive our books.
Kwon Sung June at Acorn Publishing for his support.
Ethan Atkin at Cranbury International for his help in expanding the Syngress
program.
109_AVVID_DI_FM 11/11/01 2:19 PM Page v
109_AVVID_DI_FM 11/11/01 2:19 PM Page vi
vii
Contributors
Robert Padjen (CCNP-Security, CCDP) is a Senior Consultant with
Callisma and he has written a number of texts on Cisco networking. In
addition to instructing, Robert works as an expert witness in the com-
puter and networking fields.
Mark Edwards (CCIE #7103, CCDP, CCNP, MCSE, CNE) is a
Director of and Senior Network Consultant for Capital Network
Solutions Ltd., based in South Wales, UK. Capital Network Solutions is a
Cisco Premier Partner, specializing in Voice Access and Wireless solutions,
and has completed a number of major projects for large international
organizations.Their Web site can be found at www.capitalnetworks.co.uk.
Mark graduated from the University of Glamorgan with a BSc (Hons) in
Computer Science in 1994 and has been working as a networking con-
sultant ever since. He now lives in Cardiff with his wife Sarah and son
Cameron.
Michael E. Flannagan (CCIE #7651, CCDP, CCNA, 3COM-CSA) is
Network Consulting Engineer and Team Leader in the Network
Supported Accounts (NSA) Group at Cisco Systems. Mike is a member of
the global Quality of Service (QoS) Team and has extensive network
design experience, with emphasis on Routing Protocol design and
Quality of Service mechanisms. Mike’s experience, prior to joining Cisco
Systems, includes enterprise network architecture, IT management, and
consulting. Mike’s QoS testing and research was used to recommend the
implementation of various QoS mechanisms for one of the world’s largest
pharmaceutical companies, and he has participated in large-scale QoS
designs for several major US companies. In addition to holding various
certifications from Cisco, 3Com, and Nortel Networks, Mike has passed
both the CCIE Routing/Switching and the CCIE Design written exams
and is currently preparing for his CCIE Lab exams. He lives in
Morrisville, NC.
109_AVVID_DI_FM 11/11/01 2:19 PM Page vii
viii
Rob Webber (CCIE #6922) is a Senior Network Consultant with
Callisma in Wakefield, MA. He has over 14 years of experience in the data
networking industry, the last four as a consultant. He specializes in the
design and implementation of complex networks in the financial, medical,
manufacturing, and service provider industries. His expertise includes
routing, switching, and security equipment from Cisco Systems and
Nortel Networks. Rob holds a Bachelor of Science degree from the
University of New Hampshire.
Jeff Bankston (CCDP, CCNP-Voice and Security) is the Senior
Network Architect at BCI Associates. He has designed, developed, and
implemented networks ranging from 75 users to enterprises in excess of
47,000 users spanning 40 buildings in a campus,WAN, and metropolitan
networks. He has troubleshot the same size networks, configured and
modified LAN equipment from Cisco, 3Com, Cabletron, Bay Networks,
and many smaller vendors. He serves as the assistant to the Branch
Technical Manager for new business development with ATM,Voice over
IP, enterprise LAN/WAN development, and other such technologies. Jeff
has published three books on networking, published numerous technical
whitepapers and articles, and continues to write for four major technical
journals. He enjoys technical testing and evaluation of vendor products in
his off time, which helps him to recommend proper technologies for e-
commerce environments. He enjoys teaching networking classes for
Element K online distance learning (www.elementk.com) where he also
develops new courses for the system. Jeff holds five major industry certifi-
cations including Cisco CCDP, CCNP Voice Specialist, and the CCNP
Security Specialist. He is a Cisco CCIE candidate focusing on wireless
networking.
Larry Keefer (CCNP-Voice and Security, CCDP, CIPT, BCFP, BCSD,
MCSE, MCP+I, Master CAN, HP Start) is a Consultant with Callisma.
His areas of specialization include design, integration, implementation, and
documentation of multiple protocol and layer networks with voice, video,
and data. He recently designed and implemented a multisite AVVID net-
work utilizing CallManager 3.0x IP-PBX, IP phones, inline power
switches, voice analog, and digital gateways. Prior to Callisma, Larry was a
109_AVVID_DI_FM 11/11/01 2:19 PM Page viii
ix
Senior Network Engineer and Team Leader at Rush Creek Solutions. He
holds a Bachelor of Science in Business Information Systems and Business
Administration from Illinois State University. He has completed course
work toward an M.S. degree in Computer Information Systems,
University of Phoenix.
Eric Knipp (CCNP, CCDP, CCNA, CCDA, MCSE, MCP+I) is a
Consultant with Callisma. He is currently engaged in a broadband opti-
mization project for a major U.S. backbone service provider. He special-
izes in Cisco routers, LAN switches, Cisco’s optical networking product
offering as well as Microsoft NT, and network design and implementa-
tion. Eric’s background includes positions as a Project Manager for a
major international law firm and as a Project Manager for Nortel.
109_AVVID_DI_FM 11/11/01 2:19 PM Page ix
x
Technical Editor and Contributor
Martin Walshaw (CCIE #5629,CCNP, CCDP) is a Systems Engineer
working for Cisco Systems in South Africa. His areas of specialty include
IP Telephony (including all voice and video applications such as IPCC)
and security, both of which keep him busy night and day. During the last
14 years, Martin has dabbled in many aspects of the IT industry, ranging
from programming in RPG III and Cobol to PC sales.When Martin is
not working, he likes to spend time with his expectant wife Val and his
son Joshua.Without their patience, understanding, support, and most
importantly love, projects such as this would not be possible.
Sean Thurston (CCDP, CCNP, MCSE, MCP+I) is a Senior Solution
Architect with Seimans Business Services. He provides Network and Data
Center design solutions for large-scale deployment. His specialties include
implementation of multivendor routing and switching equipment and
XoIP (Everything over IP) installations. Sean’s background includes posi-
tions as a technical analyst for Sprint-Paranet and the Director of a Brick
and Mortar advertising dot-com. Sean is also a contributing author to
Syngress Publishing’s Building a Cisco Network for Windows 2000 (ISBN:
1-928994-00-8). Sean lives in Renton,WA with his fiancée Kerry. He is
currently pursuing his CCIE.
Technical Reviewer and
Contributor
109_AVVID_DI_FM 11/11/01 2:19 PM Page x
Contents
xi
Foreword xxv
Chapter 1 Old World Technologies 1
Introduction 2
Introduction to PBXs 3
Designing with Legacy Systems in Mind 4
Looking Inside the PBX 7
Implementing Extension Termination 7
Implementing Trunk Termination 8
Call Processing and System Logic 8
Switching 9
Establishing Links Outside the PBX 10
Interpreting PBX Terminology 12
Working with Analog Systems 16
Benefiting from Digital Systems 18
Providing Video Services 18
Summary 21
Solutions Fast Track 22
Frequently Asked Questions 23
Chapter 2 New World Technologies 25
Introduction 26
Introduction to IP Telephony 26
Simplifying Administration 27
Utilizing Toll Bypass 27
Linking Communications with Unified
Messaging 28
Choosing to Implement IP Telephony 28
IP Telephony Components 29
Answers to Your
Frequently Asked
Questions
Q: What is five-nines?
A: The term five-nines
refers to an uptime of
99.999 percent. This
yields service that is
available for all but
approximately eight
hours per year.
109_AVVID_DI_toc 10/10/01 2:49 PM Page xi
xii Contents
Cisco CallManager 29
The CallManager Platform 30
IP Telephony Protocols 31
CallManager 3.x 32
Clustering 32
CallManager Hardware 34
Cisco IP Phones 37
Cisco Gateways 39
Unity Voice-Mail/Unified Messaging
Solutions 40
Exploring IP Telephony Applications 41
Introducing Cisco’s IP Telephony Applications 41
Cisco Web Attendant 41
Cisco IP SoftPhone 42
Internet Communications Software 43
Interactive Voice Response 44
AutoAttendant 45
Third-Party IP Telephony Applications 45
Interactive Intelligence’s Solutions 45
Latitude Communication’s Solutions 46
Intelligent Telemanagement Solutions 46
Introduction to Video 46
Understanding Video Components 47
Gateways 47
Gatekeepers 48
Multi-Point Control Units 48
Video Terminal Adapter 48
Endpoint Devices 48
Cisco IP/TV 49
Enhancing Network Infrastructure 50
Using Routers for a Converged Network 50
Analog Voice Interfaces 50
Digital Voice Interfaces 51
Cisco Switches 53
Exploring Inline Power Options 54
Inline Power Modules 55
Power Patch Panel 55
Explore the Four
Primary Roles a Server
Can Take On in a
Cluster
■
Primary CallManager
Server
■
Backup CallManager
Server
■
Database Publisher
Server
■
Trivial File Transfer
Protocol (TFTP) Server
109_AVVID_DI_toc 10/10/01 2:49 PM Page xii
Contents xiii
Power Cube 56
Different Queuing for Video/Voice 56
What Does the Future Hold? 58
Summary 60
Solutions Fast Track 61
Frequently Asked Questions 63
Chapter 3 AVVID Gateway Selection 65
Introduction 66
Introduction to AVVID Gateways 66
Understanding the Capabilities of Gateway
Protocols 67
Choosing a Voice Gateway Solution 69
Cisco 1750 73
Cisco 2600 73
Cisco 3600 74
VG-200 75
Configuring and Installing a VG200
with MGCP 75
Cisco MC3810 80
Cisco 7200/7500 81
Cisco AS5300/AS5800 82
Cisco DT-24+/DE-30+ 83
Catalyst 6000 84
Catalyst 4000 85
Catalyst 4224 86
ICS 7750 87
DPA 7610/7630 Voice Mail Gateway 88
Choosing a Video Gateway Solution 89
IP/VC 3510 MCU 89
IP/VC 3520 and 3525 Gateway 89
IP/VC 3530 VTA 90
IP/VC 3540 92
Multimedia Conference Manager Services 93
Summary 96
Solutions Fast Track 97
Frequently Asked Questions 100
Understand the
Capabilities of
Gateway Protocols
Session Initiation Protocol
supports five elements of
establishing and
terminating
communications:
■
User location
■
User capabilities
■
User availability
■
Call setup
■
Call handling
109_AVVID_DI_toc 10/10/01 2:49 PM Page xiii
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